The BibleTexts.com Bible Commentary Copyright 1996-2005 Robert Nguyen Cramer THE BOOK OF GENESIS |
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...The key to interpreting Thomas suggest instead that everyone, in creation, receives the innate capacity to know God. (Page 46.)
...According to both the Gospel of Thomas and the Gospel of John, Jesus reveals that the kingdom of God, which many believers, including Mark, expect in the future, not only is '"coming" but is already here -- an immediate and continuing spiritual reality. (Page 49. See also Luk 17:20,21, and other early gospels, including the Gospel of Mary Magdalene 8:15-20.)
...After dismissing those who expect the future coming of the kingdom of God, as countless Christians have always done and still do, Thomas's Jesus declares that
the kingdom is inside you, and outside you. When you come to know yourselves, then you will be known, and you will see that it is you who are the children of the living Father. But if you will not know yourselves, you dwell in poverty, and it is you are are that poverty. (Page 54 and Tho 3.)
...According to Genesis, "in the beginning" there was , first of all, the primordial light. For Thomas this means that in creating "adam [humankind] in his image," as Genesis 1:26 says, God created us in the image of the primordial light. Like many other readers of Genesis, then and now, Thomas suggests that what appeared in the primordial light was "a human being, very marvelous," a being of radiant light, the prototype of the human Adam [i.e., "man," the translation of the Hebrew word adam used in Gen 1:26], whom God created on the sixth day. This "light Adam," although human in form, is simultaneously, in some mysterious way, also divine. Thus Jesus suggests here that we have spiritual resources within us precisely because we are made "in the image of God." Irenaeus, the Christian bishop of Lyons (c. 180) warns his flock to despise "heretics" who speak like this... What Irenaeus here dismisses as heretical later became a central theme of Jewish mystical tradition -- that the "image of God" is hidden within each of us secretly linking God and all humankind.
Thus Thomas's Jesus tells his disciples that not only he comes forth from divine light but so do we all... (Page 55.)
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The Character of the Sons of Noah (9:18-29) [J]). The character of the three sons is sketched in the episode of Noah's drunkenness.
20-23. The fault here is not with Noah -- as the first cultivator of the grape he could not have known the intoxicating quality of wine -- but with Ham, who looked on his father's nakedness and told his two brothers. In Lev 20:17-21, to "uncover the nakedness" means to have sexual relations, but Ham's act, does not imply sexual relations. The act and the telling of it imply contempt for one's father, a serious offense. Canaan's offense prefigures the sexual license of the later Canaanites, against which Israel is repeatedly warned. Shem and Japheth respectfully back into the tent (to avoid looking on their father) and cover him with a cloak.
24-27. The point of the story is the curse laid on Ham, who is the father of Canaan (10:6) and the blessings upon Shem and Japheth. Hinted at is the later occupation of Canaan by Israel, the descendant of Shem.
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[Gen 21:17-20] ...God's protecting hand will be over Ishmael from now on. But his way of life became different from that of the patriarchs. He became a bowman, i.e., he lived by hunting and plunder. Expressed in modern times, he became the ancestor of the Bedouins, the camel-nomads. His dwelling place in the almost sterile steppe between Palestine and Egypt determined his way of life. Also, the fact that he married an Egyptian woman indicates how far he had gone from the regulations of his father's house.
In Muslim tradition, the Arabs trace their ancestry back to Abraham through Ishmael. Because Ishmael was circumcised (Gen. 17.25), so are most Muslims. And, analogous to Paul's reversal of the figures of Isaac and Ishmael (Gal. 4.24-26), Muslim tradition makes Ishmael rather than Isaac, the son Abraham was commanded to sacrifice.
Our heavenly Father never destined mortals who seek for a better country to wander on the shores of time disappointed travellers, tossed to and fro by adverse circumstances, inevitably subject to sin, disease, and death. Divine Love waits and pleads to save mankind -- and awaits with warrant and welcome, grace and glory, the earth-weary and heavy-laden who find and point the path to heaven.
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To explore the relationship between levirate marriage and polygamy and bigamy, browse http://www.bibletexts.com/qa/qa100.htm.
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William D. Reyburn and Euan McG. Fry (A Handbook on Genesis, NY: United Bible Societies, 1997, pages 894-895) comment:
Or to be with her is omitted in some ancient versions. Note TEV. Most modern versions keep this phrase. NEB/REB have "or be in her company." A suggested model translation for verse 10 is "Although she insisted day after day that Joseph sleep with her or keep her company, he refused to pay any attention to her."
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A reference to the kind of warfare by which the Danites grew in power.
The little snake, concealed by the wayside, may unhorse the rider as effectually as a fully armed antagonist: by such insidious, but not ignoble, warfare Dan in spite of his weakness may succeed.
It is intimated that this tribe should gain the principal part of its conquests more by cunning and stratagem, than by valour; and this is seen particularly in the conquest of Laish, Judges xvii., and even in some of the transactions of Samson, such as burning the corn of the Philistines, and at last pulling down their temple, and destroying three thousand at one time, see Judg. xvi. 26-30.
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Copyright
1996-2002 Robert Nguyen Cramer
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