Texts in the Textus Receptus and KJV that were absent in the original Hebrew and Greek texts For students of the King James Version who want to get closer to the original texts |
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Preface
When the King James Version (KJV) was translated in 1611, errors in the version of the Greek New Testament text that was used by the KJV translators resulted in errors in the KJV text. Listed below are some of the modifications needed to help make the KJV agree with the original texts of the New Testament. These modifications are not simply alternatives to the wording used by the KJV translators; rather, they represent actual corrections to the Greek texts (the so-called Textus Receptus) from which the KJV was translated. (These corrections are already reflected in the New Revised Standard Version, the Today's English Version, and most other modern translations.)
The texts now comprising the New Testament were first written in Greek, somewhere between the middle of the first century A.D. and the middle of the second century A.D. (Many scholars believe that 1 Thessalonians was the first book written, around 49 or 50 A.D., and that 2 Peter was the last New Testament book to be written, sometime between 110 and 140 A.D.) All of the texts were hand-copied from the first century up to 1516, when the first printed New Testament Greek text was published. The Greek New Testament text used by the KJV translators was mostly based upon incomplete, twelfth-century copies of earlier Greek texts. These twelfth-century copies themselves had been hand-copied from many generations of earlier copies. For more details on the history of the transmission of these texts and for more details on their influence on the KJV, browse http://www.bibletexts.com/kjv-tr.htm.
Those corrections below comprise only a partial listing. Additions to this list will be made as time is able to be devoted to further comparing and contrasting the texts of Stephanus' 1550 Greek New Testament text (generally consistent with the Textus Receptus) and the United Bible Societies' 1993 The Greek New Testament, Fourth Revised Edition.
For a more comprehensive listing of King James Version verses that require corrections to the underlying Hebrew and Greek text, browse the commentaries on each individual book of the Bible at http://www.bibletexts.com/bt.htm.
The following comprises a very small sampling of words, phrases, and verses that were not in the original Greek texts of the New Testament:
NOTE: When you are privately reading the King James Version, in order to more nearly read what was in the original text of the New Testament, do not read the words, phrases, and verses listed above. They are not based on the original Greek texts of the New Testament. (In my own King James Version Bibles, I have identified these words, phrases, or verses by enclosing them in square brackets, which I have written with a red pen. This enables me to easily and consistently recognize what not to read.)
This webpage represents only a small sampling of needed corrections to KJV text
This webpage represents only a small sampling of a much larger webpage project to enable Bible students to explore the original texts of the Bible. There are still many more corrections to the KJV texts that need to be added to the above list. Not yet addressed above are the many other verses where:
All of these deviations from the original texts affect the accuracy of the KJV.
To further enable you to adapt your reading of the KJV to better reflect familiarity with the original texts, you should browse http://www.bibletexts.com/bt.htm, where you will find a more comprehensive listing of King James Version verses that require corrections to the underlying Hebrew and Greek text. That webpage provides an index of and links to the BibleTexts.com's textual commentaries on all 66 books of the Bible. Those webpages include everything that is on this page, plus many, many more text corrections. As a whole those 66 webpages comprise the BibleTexts.com Bible Commentary.
Some of the sources of the information contained on this webpage
The information on this webpage is entirely consistent with The Greek New Testament, Fourth Revised Edition. The texts I primarily consulted in preparing the above list are the following:
The Greek New Testament, Fourth Revised Edition (United Bible Societies, 1993) - This is the most reliable and most thoroughly documented Greek New Testament currently available.
A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, Second Edition, by Bruce Metzger (United Bible Societies, 1993) - This is a companion volume to the Greek New Testament, Fourth Revised Edition. It gives a verse-by-verse explanation of the textual decisions by the Editorial Committee of the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testament.
Nestle-Aland Greek-English New Testament, Eighth Revised Edition (German Bible Society, 1994) - The Greek text is identical with the Greek New Testament, Fourth Revised Edition. The English Text is from the Revised Standard Version. The footnotes give significant variants in the King James Version (1611), Revised Version (1881, New Testament), and Revised Standard Version (1946, New Testament).
The Zondervan Parallel New Testament in Greek and English (Zondervan, 1975) - This includes the King James Version and New International Version English texts in parallel columns plus the Nestle Greek Text with the Reverent Alfred Marshall's Literal English Translation.
The Interlinear Literal Translation of the Greek New Testament, by George Ricker Berry (Zondervan, 1976) - This includes the King James Version English text interlinear with the Stephanus 1550 Greek text, also known as the Textus Receptus. This is essentially represents the Greek text from which the King James Version was translated.
Marginal Notes for the New Testament, Based on the text of Today's English Version, by Robert G. Bratcher (United Bible Societies, 1980) - This has both aids to translators and information often found in footnotes or marginal notes in many translations of the New Testament.
"Alternate Readings and Renderings" in the Holy Bible with Apocrypha (American Bible Society, 1975) - This is a helpful appendix section of a complete edition of the 1611 King James Version, which originally included the Apocrypha. This Bible also includes another helpful appendix section, entitled, "Words Which Have Changed in Meaning." Many of the American Bible Society's King James Version Bibles contain these two appendices.
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Copyright
1996-2004 Robert Nguyen Cramer
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